断

Pinyin: duàn | Core Meaning: to break, to sever, to cut off, to interrupt.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 中止，分开，使连续的东西分成两段或几段。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to break, to sever, to cut off, to interrupt.

“断”常用作动词，表示使某物分开、不再连续，也可用于比喻中断、停止，如“断水”、“断电”、“断绝”。作为名词不常用。常与如“断开”、“打断”、“不断”等词搭配。 '断' is mainly used as a verb, meaning to break or cut something so it is no longer continuous. It can also mean to interrupt or stop something abstractly, such as in '断水' (cut off water), '断电' (power cut), or '断绝' (sever relations). Not commonly used as a noun. Often found in compounds like '断开' (disconnect), '打断' (interrupt), and '不断' (continuous, unbroken).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“断”的字形由“米”和代表斧头的“斤”组成，“米”表示要被劈开的对象，“斤”表示动作，用斧头把某物劈成两段，引申为分开、中止的意思。The character '断' is made up of '米' (representing the object to be split, e.g. grain) and '斤' (an axe), pictographically showing something being chopped. This combination gives the core meaning of breaking, severing, or ending.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，通常表示分开、断绝、决断、判断等含义。Similar to modern meaning; typically means to divide, sever, decide, or judge.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“断”最早见于甲骨文，由“斤”(斧子)和“米”组成，象征用斧子将东西劈开。后来演变为表示分开、中止等含义。The character '断' first appeared in oracle bone script, composed of '斤' (axe) and '米' (grain or object), symbolizing something being chopped or split by an axe. Over time, it came to mean 'to separate, to stop, or to break.'

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“断”字形由“斤”和“米”组成，形象地描绘了用斧头把某物劈开的动作。 In oracle bone script, '断' consists of the components '斤' (axe) and '米' (grain or object), vividly depicting the action of splitting something with an axe.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中“断”字结构与甲骨文相近，形体更加圆润，组合部件更为紧凑，仍能看出‘斤’和‘米’的元素。 In bronze inscriptions, the structure of '断' is similar to that in oracle bone script but appears rounder and more compact, still recognizable with the elements of '斤' and '米'.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中的“断”结构规范，线条流畅，“斤”和“米”的结构更加整合，趋向于现代汉字的书写形式。 In small seal script, the structure of '断' becomes more standardized and smooth, with the '斤' and '米' components more integrated, approaching the form seen in modern Chinese characters.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书时代“断”的结构趋于扁平，笔画转折更明显，便于书写，为现代楷书奠定基础。 In clerical script, the structure of '断' becomes flatter with more distinct strokes and turns, making it easier to write and laying the groundwork for regular script.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书“断”字左右结构，由“米”和“斤”组成，书写端正规范，为今天通用的字形。 In modern regular script, '断' is a left-right structure made up of '米' and '斤', written neatly and regularly, which is the standard form used today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

断开 (to disconnect, to break apart)

duànkāi

请把电源断开以确保安全。

Pinyin: Qǐng bǎ diànyuán duànkāi yǐ quèbǎo ānquán.

Eng: Please disconnect the power supply to ensure safety.

不断 (continuous, unceasing, without stop)

búduàn

他不断地努力学习中文。

Pinyin: Tā búduàn de nǔlì xuéxí Zhōngwén.

Eng: He keeps working hard to study Chinese.

中断 (to interrupt, to break off)

zhōngduàn

会议因为网络问题而中断了。

Pinyin: Huìyì yīnwèi wǎngluò wèntí ér zhōngduàn le.

Eng: The meeting was interrupted due to network issues.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

一刀两断 yī dāo liǎng duàn

Meaning: to make a clean break; to sever relations completely

“一刀两断”原意指用一刀把东西分成两段，比喻彻底断绝关系、不再有瓜葛。比如朋友间因故不再来往，可以说‘一刀两断’。 'Yī dāo liǎng duàn' literally means to cut something into two with one stroke, metaphorically referring to breaking off a relationship completely. For example, if two friends decide never to associate again, you could say they '一刀两断'.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: casser, couper, interrompre
  • German: brechen, unterbrechen, abtrennen
  • Spanish: romper, cortar, interrumpir
  • Italian: spezzare, troncare, interrompere
  • Portuguese: quebrar, cortar, interromper
  • Russian: сломать, прервать, отрезать
  • Arabic: يكسر، يقطع، يوقف
  • Persian: شکستن، قطع کردن، متوقف کردن
  • Dutch: breken, onderbreken, afsnijden
  • Polish: złamać, przerwać, odciąć
  • Vietnamese: cắt đứt, gián đoạn, làm gãy
  • Ukrainian: розламати, перервати, відрізати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "断" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "断" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "断") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

断（拼音：duàn）是一个常用汉字，核心含义为“分开、截断”。本义是用刀斧等工具将东西切成两段，引申为中止、断绝、决断或判断。 断 (pinyin: duàn) is a commonly used Chinese character. Its core meaning is "to separate" or "to cut off." The original sense referred to cutting something into two parts with a tool, and it has been extended to mean termination, severance, and making decisions or judgments.

  • 字形起源： “断”最早见于西周金文和秦代文字。篆文形象地表示用刀（斧）切断绳索，体现了物体被切为两段的动作。 Pictographic origin: The character first appeared in Western Zhou bronze inscriptions and Qin dynasty scripts. The seal script visually depicts cutting a rope with an axe, illustrating the act of severing an object.
  • 常用词与成语： 常见词语如“中断”（to interrupt）、“断定”（to conclude/decide）、“不断”（continuous）。常见成语包括“斩钉截铁”（to be resolute and decisive），意思与“断”中决断的引申义相关。 Common words & idioms: Frequently used in words like "中断" (zhōngduàn, to interrupt), "断定" (duàndìng, to decide/judge), and "不断" (búduàn, continuous). Idioms such as "斩钉截铁" (resolute and decisive) relate to the extended sense of making firm judgments or decisions.
  • 易混淆点： "断" 有时与 "绝"（to break off completely）混用，但“断”更侧重于动作本身的分开、截断，"绝" 更强调切断后的彻底和不可恢复。 Common confusion: "断" is sometimes confused with "绝" (to break off completely). "断" emphasizes the act of separation, while "绝" highlights the finality and irreversibility after breaking/cutting off.

文化趣味： “断”字在中国文化中象征决断和变化，常用于形容干脆果断的行为。 Cultural note: In Chinese culture, "断" symbolizes decisiveness and change, often describing prompt and firm actions.

```

断（汉语文字）_百度百科

断（拼音：duàn）是汉语通用规范一级汉字（常用字）。此字始见于秦文字和《说文》篆文，古文始见于西周金文。断本义指分开，引申为断绝、中止，又引申为决断或判断情况。虚化为副词，意思是决然、一定。（基本信息主要来源：《新华写字字典 第2版》、汉典网）

汉字"断"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

" 断 "的字源解说 斷 ，篆文 （ 绝，用刀将丝、绳切成两段 ） （ 斤，斧 ）， 造字本义：动词，用刀斧将物体砍成两段或更多部分 。 隶化后楷书 将篆文字形中的 写成 ，将篆文字形中的 写成 。

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