否

Pinyin: fǒu | Core Meaning: no, not, to deny, to reject, negative.

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 不，不是，拒绝，否定。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): no, not, to deny, to reject, negative.

“否”常用于表示否定、拒绝，如“是否”“否决”“否认”。现代口语中多见于书面或正式语境，常与“是”连用表示选择（是否）。 '否' is commonly used to express negation, denial, or rejection, as seen in words like '是否' (whether or not), '否决' (veto), and '否认' (deny). In modern spoken Chinese, it appears mainly in formal or written contexts, often paired with '是' to indicate a choice (whether).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“否”字由“口”和“不”组成，表示用口说“不”，即拒绝或否定。结构上属会意字，而非单纯象形。The character '否' is formed by the components '口' (mouth) and '不' (not), representing the act of saying 'no' or expressing rejection. Structurally, it is an ideogrammic compound (meeting of ideas) rather than strictly pictographic.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中，“否”除了表示否定和拒绝外，有时还表示闭塞、不通之意，如“否极泰来”。In Classical Chinese, '否' not only means to deny or reject, but can also mean obstruction or being blocked, as in the idiom '否极泰来' (extreme adversity is followed by prosperity).

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“否”最早见于甲骨文，由“口”和“不”组合而成，表现出用嘴巴表达拒绝或否定的意思。The character '否' first appeared in Oracle Bone Script, composed of the components '口' (mouth) and '不' (not), symbolizing the action of using the mouth to express rejection or denial.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中的“否”结构较为简单，主要由“口”与“手”相结合，表现用口拒绝之意，形象表达否定。 In Oracle Bone Script, '否' is simple in structure, mainly combining 'mouth' and possibly 'hand', symbolizing the act of refusal or negation verbally.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中，“否”字形更为规整，部件更清晰，由“口”与表示“不”的符号组成，含义与甲骨文相近。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the character is more regular and the components are clearer, combining 'mouth' and a symbol for 'not'; the meaning remains similar to Oracle Bone Script.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中“否”结构拉伸，笔画变得弯曲流畅，形态统一，仍保留“口”“不”两个主要部件。 In Small Seal Script, '否' is elongated and the strokes are more curved and unified, still preserving 'mouth' and 'not' components.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“否”字变得更加方整，横折笔画明显，整体变宽，便于书写。 In Clerical Script, '否' becomes squarer and broader, with more distinct angular strokes, making it easier to write.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中的“否”清晰地分为“口”和“不”两部分，结构严谨，成现在常见写法。 In modern Regular Script, '否' is clearly divided into the '口' and '不' parts, featuring a precise and standard structure as commonly written today.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

否认 (to deny; to repudiate)

fǒurèn

他否认自己参与了这件事情。

Pinyin: Tā fǒurèn zìjǐ cānyùle zhè jiàn shìqíng.

Eng: He denied his involvement in this matter.

是否 (whether or not)

shìfǒu

你是否理解了老师的话？

Pinyin: Nǐ shìfǒu lǐjiěle lǎoshī de huà?

Eng: Do you understand what the teacher said?

否决 (to veto; to reject)

fǒujué

这个提案被大会否决了。

Pinyin: Zhège tí'àn bèi dàhuì fǒujuéle.

Eng: The proposal was vetoed by the assembly.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

否极泰来 fǒu jí tài lái

Meaning: Extreme adversity is followed by prosperity.

“否极泰来”出自《易经》，否象征闭塞和困苦，泰则代表通达和顺利。意思是当事态发展到极度困难的时候，转机和好运就会到来。 'Fǒu jí tài lái' comes from the Book of Changes (Yi Jing). '否' symbolizes obstruction and hardship, while '泰' stands for smoothness and prosperity. The idiom means that when adversity reaches its peak, good luck will follow.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: non, nier, refuser
  • German: nein, verneinen, ablehnen
  • Spanish: no, negar, rechazar
  • Italian: no, negare, rifiutare
  • Portuguese: não, negar, recusar
  • Russian: нет, отрицать, отвергать
  • Arabic: لا، ينكر، يرفض
  • Persian: نه، انکار کردن، رد کردن
  • Dutch: nee, ontkennen, weigeren
  • Polish: nie, zaprzeczać, odrzucać
  • Vietnamese: không, phủ nhận, từ chối
  • Ukrainian: ні, заперечувати, відхиляти

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "否" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "否" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "否") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

```html

“否”是一个常用汉字，主要含义为“不”、“否定”或“拒绝”。它既可作动词，表示否认、拒绝，也可作形容词，指“不顺利”或“困厄”。 “否” is a common Chinese character, primarily meaning "no", "negation", or "refusal". It can be used as a verb (to deny or reject) or as an adjective (unfavorable, difficult situation).

“否”字在古文中常用来表示“事物不顺”、“困厄”，如成语“否极泰来”（困厄的极点便是转机，福祸相依之意）。 In classical Chinese, "否" often refers to adversity or unfavorable conditions, as in the idiom “否极泰来” (when misfortune reaches its limit, good fortune follows).

  • 常见用法： 否定（to negate）、是否（whether or not）、否决（to veto）。 Common uses: 否定 (negate), 是否 (whether), 否决 (veto).
  • 易混点：“否”有两个读音，常见为fǒu（否定），在表示“不顺”或“困厄”时读pǐ（如“否极泰来”）。 Note: “否” has two pronunciations: "fǒu" for negation and "pǐ" when referring to adversity.

字源与文化背景： “否”最早的字形与“口”与“手”有关，象征阻挡、不通；在卦象中，“否卦”对应天地不交，泛指闭塞或不顺。 Etymology & Cultural note: The earliest form of “否” is related to "mouth" and "hand," symbolizing obstruction. In I Ching (Book of Changes), the "Pi gua" (否卦) stands for blockage and adversity.

```

汉字"否"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

汉字字源辞典收录13864条汉字词条，基本涵盖了常见汉字的字源解析，是汉字研究的必备工具。

【否】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

否》 不择善否，两容颊適。 ------《庄子 . 渔父》 若到天地昏曚而万物否矣。 ------《西游记》 ③形容词：不顺的，困厄的。 pǐ 否败 否运 否而末泰 否极泰来 否往泰来 执事顺成为臧，逆为否。 ------《左传 . 宣公十二年》 穷达赏罚幸否，有极，人之知力不能为焉。

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