染

Pinyin: rǎn | Core Meaning: to dye, to color, to be infected or contaminated

基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 使颜色附着在物体上，沾上颜色、污染、感染等。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): to dye, to color, to be infected or contaminated

“染”多用于染色（如染布、染发）、感染（如染病），也可表示沾染习惯或情绪等。常与“色”、“发”、“病”等词搭配。如“染色”、“感染”。 Mostly used for coloring or dyeing (e.g., dyeing cloth, hair), infection (e.g., catching a disease), or acquiring habits and emotions (e.g., being influenced). Often used with '色' (color), '发' (hair), '病' (illness).

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“染”字左边为“氵”（三点水），表示与水有关，右边为“木”和“九”，原本象征染料容器和染色材料。整体象征用染料和水对物体进行染色的动作。The left part '氵' denotes water, suggesting an action involving liquid. The right component '木' (wood) and '九' (originally representing a vessel or dye matter) together symbolize the process of dyeing materials with water and dye.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

与现代意义相近，常用于染色、感染、沾染等含义。Similar to modern meaning; often used for dyeing, infecting, or being contaminated.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“染”字最早出现在甲骨文，由“木”和“水”组成，中间有一个象征染料的容器，表示用水和木制作染料、进行染色的动作。The character '染' first appeared in oracle bone inscriptions, composed of the characters for 'wood' and 'water', with a vessel representing dye in the center, illustrating the act of using water and wood to make dye and color objects.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中，“染”由“木”和“水”的象形组合，并在中间加以点状表示染料，组合呈现出与染色相关的动作。 In Oracle Bone Script, '染' is a combination of pictographs for 'wood' and 'water,' with dots in the center to represent dye, visually depicting the act of coloring.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中，“染”结构与甲骨文相似，线条更圆润，器皿与液体的形象更明显，强调用水、木材进行染色。 In Bronze Inscriptions, the structure is similar to the Oracle Bone Script but with smoother lines; the vessel and liquid are more apparent, emphasizing dyeing with water and wood.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆中，“染”字形变得规整，中间三点水明显，结构对称，易于书写，保留最初的象形元素。 '染' in Small Seal Script became more regularized, with three dots of water clearly visible; the structure is symmetrical and keeps the original pictographic elements.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“染”字更加方正，线条平直，三点水演变为点或短横，整体结构为现代字体奠定基础。 In Clerical Script, '染' becomes more square and straight; the three water dots evolve into dots or short horizontal strokes, laying the foundation for the modern character.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中“染”由“木”、“九”（本作染料）和“三点水”组成，结构规范、易于辨认和书写。 In modern Regular Script, '染' consists of '木' (wood), '九' (formerly representing dye), and 'three water dots.' The structure is standard, easily recognized, and written.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

染色 (to dye; dyeing)

rǎnsè

她把白衬衫染色成了蓝色。

Pinyin: Tā bǎ bái chènshān rǎnsè chéngle lánsè.

Eng: She dyed the white shirt blue.

感染 (to infect; infection; to influence (emotionally))

gǎnrǎn

这个病毒很容易感染人。

Pinyin: Zhège bìngdú hěn róngyì gǎnrǎn rén.

Eng: This virus easily infects people.

染发 (to dye one's hair)

rǎnfà

她最近喜欢染发，各种颜色都尝试过。

Pinyin: Tā zuìjìn xǐhuan rǎnfà, gèzhǒng yánsè dōu chángshì guò.

Eng: She likes to dye her hair recently and has tried all kinds of colors.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

近朱者赤，近墨者黑 jìn zhū zhě chì, jìn mò zhě hēi

Meaning: One takes on the color of one's company; a person is influenced by their environment.

这个成语形像地说明了人容易受到周围环境的影响，'染'在这里比喻沾染他人习性。早在《太子少傅箴》中提到：“染于朱则赤，染于墨则黑。”意思是靠近朱砂就变红，靠近墨就变黑，比喻环境的重要性。 This idiom vividly illustrates how people are easily influenced by their surroundings; '染' here metaphorically means being affected by others. As early as in 'Advice to the Crown Prince's Tutor,' it is said: 'Dyed by cinnabar, one becomes red; dyed by ink, one becomes black,' emphasizing the importance of environment.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: teindre; colorer; contaminer
  • German: färben; anstecken; infizieren
  • Spanish: teñir; colorear; contagiar
  • Italian: tingere; colorare; infettare
  • Portuguese: tingir; colorir; infectar
  • Russian: красить; окрашивать; заражать
  • Arabic: يصبغ; يلوِّن; يُعدي
  • Persian: رنگ کردن؛ آلوده کردن؛ مبتلا کردن
  • Dutch: verven; kleuren; infecteren
  • Polish: farbować; zabarwiać; zarażać
  • Vietnamese: nhuộm; làm lây nhiễm; nhuốm màu
  • Ukrainian: фарбувати; заражати; забарвлювати

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

通过以下链接在热门视频网站搜索 "染" 的更多讲解：

Search for more explanations of "染" on popular video sites:

网络参考 (Web References for "染") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

染的核心含义是“使物品（如布、丝）通过浸泡等方式变为有色”。在古代常用于描述用草木等天然材料提取液体为丝织品上色的过程。 Ran primarily means "to dye" or "to color (fabric, silk, etc.) by soaking them in a liquid," often derived from plants in ancient times.

字形上，"染"字从“水”，表示和水有关，右边的“杂”作声旁。在篆文中，右边也有写作“九”的异体。 In its structure, "染" uses the radical "水" (water) indicating its association with liquid, and "杂" (sometimes written as "九" in ancient scripts) provides the phonetic component.

“染”还可引申为受到影响或沾染，如“感染”、“染病”等，也常用于比喻。例如：“染指”（比喻参与某事，尤指不正当的事）。 "染" can also mean "to be influenced by" or "to be contaminated," as in words like "感染" (to infect) or "染病" (to contract a disease). It is also used metaphorically, such as in the idiom "染指" (to get involved, often with negative connotations).

  • 常用词：
    • 染色：给物品上色。 To dye/color something.
    • 感染：传染、影响。 To infect or influence.
    • 染病：生病，多指被传染。 To contract a disease (to get sick, usually due to infection).
  • 成语：
    • 染指（比喻过问不正当的事）。 "Ran zhi" (to get involved in something, often inappropriately).

易混淆点：“染”与“然”（燃烧）字形相近但含义不同，应注意区分。 Common confusion: "染" is easily confused with "然" (to burn), but their meanings are different.

汉字"染"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

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【染】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

篆文异体字将"又"写成"九" 。-----附 文言版《説文解字》：染，以繒染爲色。从水杂聲。 附 白话版《说文解字》：染，将素色丝品染成有色丝帛。字形采用"水"作边旁，"杂"是声旁。 文言文名句摘抄 ①动词：用取自草木有色液汁浸泡布帛，使之着色。

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