基本信息 (Basic Information)

含义与用法 (Meanings & Usage)

中文核心释义 (Core Chinese Meaning): 少、不多,特指寡妇,即丧偶的女子。

英文核心释义 (Core English Meaning): few, scarce; a widow (a woman whose husband has died).

“寡”常用来表示数量很少,如“寡言”。作为名词,常指“寡妇”。可用于贬义或中性表达。 '寡' is commonly used to mean 'few' or 'scarce,' as in '寡言' (reticent). As a noun, it often refers specifically to a widow. It can be neutral or sometimes slightly negative, depending on context.

象形意义 / 为何这么写 (Pictographic Meaning / Writing Rationale)

“寡”是会意字,上面的“宀”表示家屋,下面的“毋”和“女”结合,象征家里缺少男性,只剩妇人,表示‘寡’、‘少’、‘寡妇’之意。'寡' is a compound ideogram: the '宀' at the top means house, and the lower part ('毋' and '女') implies a home with only a woman, hinting at the meaning of 'few,' 'scarcity,' or specifically a widow.

文言文释义 (Classical Chinese Meaning)

文言文中,“寡”指数量少或寡妇,与现代意义相近。Similar to modern meaning: refers to few, scarce, or a widow.

深入学习 (In-depth Study)

字源故事 (Origin Story)

“寡”字最早来源于古代,原为会意字,上面是“宀”(屋顶),下面是“毋”和“女”的组合,表示屋中缺少男性,只剩寡妇,后引申为“少”。The character '寡' originated as a compound ideogram. The top '宀' means roof (home), and the combination below ('毋' and '女') implies a home with only a woman remaining, implying the absence of a husband, i.e., a widow. Subsequently, it extended to mean 'few' or 'scarce'.

字形演变 (Character Evolution)

甲骨文 (Oracle Bone Script):
甲骨文中“寡”字未明确出现,但相关含义通过其他组合表达。 The character '寡' has not been clearly found in oracle bone inscriptions; similar meanings were conveyed via other combinations.
金文 (Bronze Inscription):
金文中出现了类似“寡”的字形,通常表现为“宀”加下方人物部件,结构较为简化。 '寡' appears in the Bronze Inscriptions with a form combining '宀' (roof) above and human-related parts below; the structure is quite simplified.
小篆 (Small Seal Script):
小篆时期,“寡”字结构明确,上为“宀”,下为“毋”和“女”,形体更规整统一。 In Small Seal Script, the structure of '寡' becomes clarified, with '宀' on top and '毋' and '女' below, forming a more regular and unified shape.
隶书 (Clerical Script):
隶书中“寡”字笔画变得更扁平,更接近现代写法。 In Clerical Script, the strokes of '寡' become more flattened and begin to resemble the modern form.
楷书 (现代) (Regular Script (Modern)):
现代楷书中,“寡”字结构清晰,上为宀,下为毋与女,常用于日常书写。 In modern Regular Script, the structure of '寡' is clear and standardized, with '宀' on top and '毋' and '女' below, commonly used in daily writing.

常用词语和例句 (Common Words & Examples)

寡妇 (widow)

guǎfù

她年轻时不幸成为了寡妇。

Pinyin: Tā niánqīng shí bùxìng chéngwéi le guǎfù.

Eng: She unfortunately became a widow at a young age.

寡言 (reticent, of few words)

guǎyán

他性格内向,平时很寡言。

Pinyin: Tā xìnggé nèixiàng, píngshí hěn guǎyán.

Eng: He is introverted and usually very reticent.

寡淡 (bland, insipid (taste or feelings))

guǎdàn

这道菜的味道有点寡淡。

Pinyin: Zhè dào cài de wèidào yǒudiǎn guǎdàn.

Eng: The taste of this dish is a bit bland.

相关成语 (Related Idioms)

寡不敌众 guǎ bù dí zhòng

Meaning: The few are no match for the many

“寡不敌众”出自《左传》,意指人数较少的一方难以抵抗人数众多的一方,多用于形容力量悬殊。 '寡不敌众' comes from the classic text 'Zuo Zhuan', meaning that a small group cannot stand against a greater number; often used to describe a situation of unequal strength.

多语言翻译 (核心释义) (Translations (Core Meaning))

  • French: peu, rare; veuve
  • German: wenig, selten; Witwe
  • Spanish: poco, escaso; viuda
  • Italian: poco, scarso; vedova
  • Portuguese: pouco, escasso; viúva
  • Russian: мало, редко; вдова
  • Arabic: قليل، نادر؛ أرملة
  • Persian: کم، نادر؛ بیوه
  • Dutch: weinig, zeldzaam; weduwe
  • Polish: mało, rzadko; wdowa
  • Vietnamese: ít, hiếm; góa phụ
  • Ukrainian: мало, рідко; вдова

视频学习资源 (Video Learning Resources)

网络参考 (Web References for "寡") ()

网络内容摘要 (Web Content Summary):

  • 核心含义:“寡”主要指“少、不多”,在人际关系中指“缺少、孤单”,比如“寡妇”指失去丈夫的女人。 Core meaning: "寡" mainly means "few" or "not many". In relationships, it indicates "lack" or "loneliness", such as "寡妇" meaning a woman who has lost her husband (widow).

  • 象形起源:“寡”字象形如家中有一人,带有一只大眼巡视、观照,反映了“独自一人”的含义。 Pictographic origin: The character looks like a house with a single person and a big eye, depicting the idea of "one alone" or "single in the house".

  • 文化背景与用法:“寡人”古时是君主的自称,含自谦之意。 Cultural note: In ancient China, "寡人" was a humble way for a monarch to refer to himself.

  • 常见词语:如“寡妇”(widow)、“寡言”(taciturn; not talkative)、“寡淡”(plain, tasteless)。 Common words: e.g., 寡妇 (widow), 寡言 (not talkative), 寡淡 (plain, tasteless).

  • 易混淆点:“寡”与“少”有时容易混淆,但“寡”更强调数量极少或某种缺乏,而“少”泛指数量小。 Easily confused: "寡" and "少" can both mean "few", but "寡" emphasizes even greater scarcity or lack, whereas "少" means "few" more generally.

【寡】的甲骨文金文篆文字形演变含义 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 - 甲骨文研究网 甲骨文密码字典 在线甲骨文字典研究 认路

寡:寡字的象形就像是家中一个人的大眼睛在巡视、观照,寡人通常是指一家之主、一国之君。 比如"寡人好色"的原义就是说一家之主或一国之主要让家中或国中的男人女人们站在同一战线上,即是指要团结在一起。

汉字"寡"的起源、演变过程-汉字字源辞典

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